THE INFLUENCE OF PARENTING CHILDREARING STYLES ON IN-SCHOOL ADOLESCENT DEVIANT BEHAVIOUR


THE INFLUENCE OF PARENTING CHILDREARING STYLES ON IN-SCHOOL ADOLESCENT DEVIANT BEHAVIOUR  

ABSTRACT

This research work is carried out in order to investigate childrearing styles on in-school adolescent deviant bevehaviour in Ilorin metropolis. This study sought to determine the parenting childrearing styles on in-school adolescent on the basis on democratic, authoritarians, authoritative and laise faire styles (Ilorin metropolis). A self-developed questionnaire tagged questionnaire on parenting childrearing styles on in-school adolescent deviant bevehaviour (PCRTSADB)) was used to collect data from the respondents for the study. Five research hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 alpha level of significance, data collected were analyzed through analysis of variance (ANOVA). From the finding, the study revealed that parental childrearing style can influence in-school adolescents to deviant behavior when children are not allowed to do wrong thing, the wishes of children are treated with maturity and when the children are allowed to express their feelings among others and there were no significant differences in the influence of parental childrearing on in-school adolescent deviant behaviour in Ilorin metropolis on the basis of gender, educational qualification, age, religion and family type. Therefore, the following recommendations were made that counsellors should develop strategies to handle influence of parental childrearing style on in-school adolescent deviant behaviour in Ilorin Metropolis and counsellor should encourage the formation of club that will promote safe and responsible of children against deviant behaviour (peer counselling)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE                                                                                          PAGE

Title page                i      

Certification    ii 

Dedication    iii

Acknowledgements    iv

Table of contents    v

List of Tables   x

Abstract    xi

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

Background to the Study                 1    

Statement of the Problem                   4

Purpose of the Study     5

Research Questions     6                                                                 

Research Hypotheses     6

Significance of the Study     7

 Scope of the Study     8

Operational Definition of Terms     9

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Concept of Parental Childrearing Styles     11

Concept of Adolescence     15

Childrearing Styles on in-School Adolescents’ Deviant Behaviour         16

Theoretical Framework         22

Empirical Review     26

Summary of Literature of Review     29

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Preamble     30

Research Design     30

Population, Sample and Sampling Techniques     30

Instrumentation     31

Validity     31

Reliability     32

Method of Scoring     32  

Administration of the Instrument     32

Method of Data Analysis     33

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

Data analysis, Presentation and Results     34

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Preamble     41

Discussions    41

Conclusions     42

Implications    43

Recommendation    43

References     44

Appendix     48

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study 

Education is the medium by which an individual achieves success in his/her life, in the society and in the world, and it lays the foundation of personality (Kumar, 2017). According to the Mauritian Ministry of Education and Human Resources (2014), the secondary school provides an education that enables the fulfilment of the four pillars of the Delors Report, namely learning to know, learning to do, learning to be, and learning to live together. It should also provide the adolescent student with the necessary skills that allow him/her to adjust easily and smoothly to the rapid physical, emotional, mental and social changes (Garcia & Santiago, 2017). 

Indeed, every child is unique in itself and has its own pace of growth and development. As the child grows up, his emotions and social functioning changes and continues till adolescence. Adolescence is that critical period of human development during which rapid biological, psychological and social changes take place. This period marks the end of childhood and sets the foundation for maturity. Adolescence is defined as the period of transition between childhood to adulthood that involves biological, cognitive, and socio-emotional changes. During this period, parents expect more self-regulation and initiative at the very time that their early teenagers are beginning to experiment with all kinds of risky behaviors (Barber, 2002). Anecdotal evidence and self-report data suggest that, children seem to become progressively self-conscious and concerned with other people's opinions as they go through puberty and the period of adolescence (Steinberg, 2011). 

Adolescents begin to assert more autonomous control over their decisions, emotions and actions, and start to disengage from parental control. At the same time, the school context involves an intense socialization process during which adolescents become increasingly aware of the perspectives of classmates, teachers and other societal influences (Berzonsky and Adams, 2003). Right from infancy, children learn and acquire traits and behaviours that they exhibit throughout their life time. During socialization, parents and significant others in the society endeavour to form children in such a way as to make them acquire worthwhile virtues cherished by the society. It is believed that there are some roles that are better performed by parents which children tend to accept most readily than any other person in their life. Since parental roles are essentially formative, their influence in the socialization of children cannot be over-emphasized. Researchers are of the view that the type of family a child comes from and the parenting style of the child’s parents is likely to influence the child’s social behaviour (Olds & Papilia, 2011; Baltus, 2012). One of the basic components of the society is the family. The family is the first institution of the socialization and from where the child learns cooperation and other social skills. This is the first family unit for the child. 

According to Macionis & Plummer (2007), a family unit is a social group of two or more people related by blood or adoption that usually live together. Individuals are born into a family. Eke (2000) defined a family as a social unit or group characterized by common residence, economic co-operation and reproduction. The family therefore includes adults of both sexes, two of whom maintain a socially approved sexual relationship with one or more children biologically owned or adopted. Berndth (2007) stated that, the single parent family has been one of the fastest growing types in most parts of the world. Single parent family has come into existence as a result of divorce, dissertation, death, separation and out-of-wedlock births. Children from such families may suffer from guilt and loneliness, feelings of anger to mention a few. Young ones in single parent families’ contend with intense emotions due to their parents’ abrupt departure or death. For many adolescents, the absence of one of the parent’s seems to have profound negative effect on them. Another family type is the stepparent family, Berndit (2007) pointed out that, this type of family comes into existence as a result of either a parent’s divorce or death. He further stated that children in this type of family are found not to be well adjusted at school. They manifest behaviour problems and perform poorly at school, and their behaviour is like those of single parent families. The Children tend to react negatively if one of their divorced parents remarries and they become part of a new family described as step family. Problem arises because children at this stage of development are expected to be under authority to be carefully monitored. Also in step parent’s family, monitoring is inadequate; the children suffer from a number of behavioural disorders (Berndit, 2007). 

Parenting styles are persistent approaches, strategies and standards parents use in bringing up their children. They involve how parents respond to children’s psychological and material needs, and what parents’ demands from their children. Parenting styles are unique and evolve as children develop their personalities (Eriega, 2014; Collins as cited in Olds and Papilia, 2011). Most of the studies on parenting styles have emphasized that the kind of parenting style adopted by parents has monumental impact on children’s attitude, academic achievement, social life and career choice (Maccoby & Martin 2013). This underscores why children raised in entirely different environments with the same kind of parenting tend to exhibit similar characteristics and behaviours. Different parenting styles produce different characteristic traits of children including those demonstrated at school. Research suggests that parenting styles and the quality of a parent and adolescent relationship may have an impact on the social development of adolescents. 

An adolescent’s emotions, autonomy, achievement, and identity are all brought about by the parenting style adopted by the adolescent’s parent. The manner in which children are raised is crucial to their total development. The way parents respond to children’s needs and relate with them has a tremendous impact in the development of their personality and their interaction with society resulting to deviant behaviour. Angel (2015) opined that deviant behaviour is any behaviour that lacks conformity and acceptability of people in the society.

 Deviant behaviour describes an action or behaviour that significantly contravene from the accepted or prescribed norms of a given society or school. It is a deviation that attracts punishment or sanctions in the society or school. Diche (2016) posited that deviant behaviour is a behaviour that violates the laid down rules and regulations of a given organization or group. He also emphasize that deviant behaviour is a common phenomenon in the life of every human being but, stress that it is rampant among students in schools which has led them in joining secrets cults, and other heinous crimes in the school. Against this background, this study examines the influence of parenting childrearing styles on in-school adolescent deviant bevehaviour in Ilorin Metropolis of Kwara State

Statement of the Problem 

Overtime, it is observed that majority of children are engage in deviant behaviour due to parenting childrearing styles of many homes. It is on the duty of every reasonable parent to address the changing behaviour of their children. High increase in deviant behaviour high rate of early school dropouts in both girls and boys, increase in street children and high rate of crime, both in towns and rural settings, can be linked to poor parental childrearing in the early child development (White, 2000). It was also established that majority of the children involved in deviant behaviour, seem to be either staying alone or may be staying far from their families, with their peers. Additionally, they also opt to engage in detrimental lifestyles of drugs, alcoholism, and sexual crimes. 

Melgosa, (2002) noted that alcoholic parents with criminal behaviour are strict, too lax or inconsistent with problematic relationships which favour delinquent behaviour in children. Few attempts have been made to clearly outline the major causal factors. Legal framework to substitute the ban on corporal punishment as the problem of indiscipline among students is getting out of hand (Kweyu, 2006.). Little however, has been done to identify the most significant factors, which would enable advocates to arrive at more comprehensive measures to address the problem. Additionally, little research has been done on parenting styles as a factor in deviant behaviour in Nigeria. Since children’s behaviour is greatly influenced by others (parents, teachers and peers). The gap this study intends to fill is that little studies have carried out in Ilorin metropolis on aspect of parenting childrearing styles on in-school adolescent deviant behaviour. Against this background, this study examines the influence of parenting childrearing styles on in-school adolescent deviant bevehaviour in Ilorin Metropolis of Kwara State.

Research Questions 

The following research questions were formulated to guide the study.

1. What is the influence of parental childrearing styles on in-school adolescent deviant bevehaviour?

2. Is there any significant difference in influence of parental childrearing values expected of adolescent against deviant bevehaviour on bases of gender? 

3. Is there any significant difference in influence of parental childrearing values expected of adolescent against deviant bevehaviour on bases of education qualification? 

4. Is there any significant difference in influence of parental childrearing values expected of adolescent against deviant bevehaviour on bases of age?

5. Is there any significant difference in influence of parental childrearing values expected of adolescent against deviant bevehaviour on bases of type of school

6. Is there any significant difference in influence of parental childrearing values expected of adolescent against deviant bevehaviour on bases of type of family?

Research Hypotheses 

In other to examine the influence of parenting childrearing styles on in-school adolescent deviant bevehaviour in Ilorin Metropolis of Kwara State. The following null hypotheses are formulated to guide the study.

1: There is no significance difference in the influence of parental childrearing-on-in-school adolescent of deviant bevehaviour on the basis of gender.

2: There is no significance difference in the influence of parental childrearing on-in-school adolescent of deviant bevehaviour in Ilorin Metropolis of Kwara State on the bases of qualification 

3. There is no significance difference in the influence of parental childrearing in-on -school adolescent of deviant bevehaviour on the basis of type of school

4. There is no significance difference in the influence of parental childrearing in-on -school adolescent of deviant bevehaviour based on age

5. There is no significance difference in influence of parental childrearing values expected of adolescent against deviant bevehaviour on bases of type of family

Purpose of the Study 

The main purpose of this study is to examine the influence of parenting childrearing styles on in-school adolescent deviant bevehaviour in Ilorin Metropolis of Kwara State. 

Significance of the Study  

The findings of this study would be useful to parents, students, government, counselors and those that see parental childrearing styles on in-school adolescent deviant behaviour as an important element. 

The finding will help parents to understand why it is crucial to train and moderate children behaviour so as to prevent them from being involved in deviant behaviour when they grow up. Looking at the crime statistics, it appears to be on the upward trend and this would be worrying both to the parents and Government authorities.  The study would therefore help in equipping and provide knowledge and skills to parents in order to assist them in effective parenting. It would also provide parents with theoretical framework on issues related to parental childrearing styles on deviant behaviour of children. 

Moreover, the outcome of the study would be useful to students from an act such as deviant activities and behaviour against parental styles in Ilorin Metropolis. The finding of this study would also serve as instrument for counselors to use in solving problems relating to parental childrearing on in- school adolescent deviant behavior among students in Ilorin Metropolis and beyond. i.e it will help to create discipline in the life of adolescents. When this is done there will be sanity, peace and order, which will enhance the moral tone of the school as well as the society. It will also help the counselor to know the right technique to adopt in modifying negative deviant behaviou. To the teacher-the teacher will equally benefits from the finding of the study because the finding will help them know what is expected of them as they are role model.

Finally, the finding of this study would be useful to government on the need to put in place mechanisms that would prevent deviant behaviour among adolescent on parental childrearing styles in Ilorin metropolis. Finally, the results of the work will be of great help to future researchers. This will be a source of research materials or empirical data for them

Scope of the Study  

This study covers the influence of parental childrearing styles on in-school adolescent deviant bevehaviour in Ilorin Metropolis of Kwara State. Parent and adolescent in Ilorin metropolis would be used for the study. Different parental styles, accepted bahavioural values and people to consult in development of better behaviour on in-school adolescent deviant behaviour would be covered in the study. The population for this study parents and adolescent in Ilorin Metropolis. Due to the nature of this study, the actual population could not be ascertaining as the target population are in different place and some may not to what to be available for the study. Simple random sampling technique would be use to select 100 people for the study 

Operational Definition of Terms 

Parental styles: Parenting styles are persistent approaches, strategies and standards parents use in bringing up their children in Ilorin Metropolis 

Adolescence: Adolescence is defined as the period of transition between childhood to adulthood that involves biological, cognitive, and socio-emotional changes in Ilorin Metropolis

Deviant behaviour: Deviant behaviour is any behaviour that lacks conformity and acceptability of people in the society

.

THE INFLUENCE OF PARENTING CHILDREARING STYLES ON IN-SCHOOL ADOLESCENT DEVIANT BEHAVIOUR



TYPE IN YOUR TOPIC AND CLICK SEARCH.






RESEARCHWAP.ORG
Researchwap.org is an online repository for free project topics and research materials, articles and custom writing of research works. We’re an online resource centre that provides a vast database for students to access numerous research project topics and materials. Researchwap.org guides and assist Postgraduate, Undergraduate and Final Year Students with well researched and quality project topics, topic ideas, research guides and project materials. We’re reliable and trustworthy, and we really understand what is called “time factor”, that is why we’ve simplified the process so that students can get their research projects ready on time. Our platform provides more educational services, such as hiring a writer, research analysis, and software for computer science research and we also seriously adhere to a timely delivery.

TESTIMONIES FROM OUR CLIENTS


Please feel free to carefully review some written and captured responses from our satisfied clients.

  • "Exceptionally outstanding. Highly recommend for all who wish to have effective and excellent project defence. Easily Accessable, Affordable, Effective and effective."

    Debby Henry George, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
  • "I saw this website on facebook page and I did not even bother since I was in a hurry to complete my project. But I am totally amazed that when I visited the website and saw the topic I was looking for and I decided to give a try and now I have received it within an hour after ordering the material. Am grateful guys!"

    Hilary Yusuf, United States International University Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • "Researchwap.org is a website I recommend to all student and researchers within and outside the country. The web owners are doing great job and I appreciate them for that. Once again, thank you very much "researchwap.org" and God bless you and your business! ."

    Debby Henry George, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
  • "Great User Experience, Nice flows and Superb functionalities.The app is indeed a great tech innovation for greasing the wheels of final year, research and other pedagogical related project works. A trial would definitely convince you."

    Lamilare Valentine, Kwame Nkrumah University, Kumasi, Ghana.
  • "I love what you guys are doing, your material guided me well through my research. Thank you for helping me achieve academic success."

    Sampson, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
  • "researchwap.com is God-sent! I got good grades in my seminar and project with the help of your service, thank you soooooo much."

    Cynthia, Akwa Ibom State University .
  • "Sorry, it was in my spam folder all along, I should have looked it up properly first. Please keep up the good work, your team is quite commited. Am grateful...I will certainly refer my friends too."

    Elizabeth, Obafemi Awolowo University
  • "Am happy the defense went well, thanks to your articles. I may not be able to express how grateful I am for all your assistance, but on my honour, I owe you guys a good number of referrals. Thank you once again."

    Ali Olanrewaju, Lagos State University.
  • "My Dear Researchwap, initially I never believed one can actually do honest business transactions with Nigerians online until i stumbled into your website. You have broken a new legacy of record as far as am concerned. Keep up the good work!"

    Willie Ekereobong, University of Port Harcourt.
  • "WOW, SO IT'S TRUE??!! I can't believe I got this quality work for just 3k...I thought it was scam ooo. I wouldn't mind if it goes for over 5k, its worth it. Thank you!"

    Theressa, Igbinedion University.
  • "I did not see my project topic on your website so I decided to call your customer care number, the attention I got was epic! I got help from the beginning to the end of my project in just 3 days, they even taught me how to defend my project and I got a 'B' at the end. Thank you so much researchwap.com, infact, I owe my graduating well today to you guys...."

    Joseph, Abia state Polytechnic.
  • "My friend told me about ResearchWap website, I doubted her until I saw her receive her full project in less than 15 miniutes, I tried mine too and got it same, right now, am telling everyone in my school about researchwap.com, no one has to suffer any more writing their project. Thank you for making life easy for me and my fellow students... Keep up the good work"

    Christiana, Landmark University .
  • "I wish I knew you guys when I wrote my first degree project, it took so much time and effort then. Now, with just a click of a button, I got my complete project in less than 15 minutes. You guys are too amazing!."

    Musa, Federal University of Technology Minna
  • "I was scared at first when I saw your website but I decided to risk my last 3k and surprisingly I got my complete project in my email box instantly. This is so nice!!!."

    Ali Obafemi, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Niger State.
  • To contribute to our success story, send us a feedback or please kindly call 2348037664978.
    Then your comment and contact will be published here also with your consent.

    Thank you for choosing researchwap.com.