IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC POLICY ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN NIGERIA


IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC POLICY ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN NIGERIA  

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of macro economic policy on poverty alleviation in Nigeria. In order to test the hypothesis formed on the study, secondary data were collected from reliable sources like CBN official bulletins FOS etc, three general models were formulated and tested using ordinary least square analysis where the relationship between the dependent and independent variables were tested. The reliability of the parameters estimated for the models were tested using T - test and Durbin Watson test of autocorrelation. It was discovered that poverty alleviation allocations increased annually. In terms of approaches to poverty alleviation, there is the need to increase the demand and therefore the prices for those factors of production that the poor own (e.g their own labour); transfer physical assets such as land to the poor, providing social services such as education to the poor and transferring current income to the poor through cash or food subsidies. All these approaches are aimed at utilized the poor' factor endowments for improved income earnings and in living standards.

However, instead of the unemployment level to reduce in accordance with our expectation coupled with increase in level of job creation, the reverse was the case for both variables. Therefore, further observation and analysis showed that poverty level escalates year in year out, despite the fact that poverty alleviation fund allocations are intensified annually.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title Page

Certificate

Dedication

Acknowledgment

Abstract

Table of Content

CHAPTER ONE

1.1     Introduction

1.2     Statement of Problem

1.3     Aim and Objective of the Study

1.4     Research Questions

1.5     Statement of Hypotheses

1.6     Research Methodology

1.7     Significance of the Study

1.8     The Scope and Limitation of the Study

1.9     The Definition of Terms / Concepts

1.10   Organization of the Study

References

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIRW

2.1     Introduction

2.2     The concept and Definitions of Poverty

2.3     The Measurement of Poverty

2.3.1 Poverty Profile

2.3.2 Poverty Gap and Head Count

2.4     Causes of Poverty in Nigeria

2.4.1 Poverty as lack of access to basic needs / goods

2.4.2 Poverty as the Outcome of Inefficient usage of Common Resources

2.4.3  Poverty as a Result of Exclusive Mechanisms

2.4.5  General Causes of Poverty in Nigeria

2.5.    Policy options for Alleviating Poverty in Nigeria

CHAPTER THREE: STRUCTURAL COMPOSITION OF THE STUDY

3.1     Introduction

3.2     Measurement of Poverty

3.3     Causes of Poverty in Nigeria

3.4     How Nigerian Government Promote Poverty

3.5     Solution to Poverty in Nigeria

CHAPTER FOUR: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS

4.1     Methodology

4.2     Methods of Estimation of Analysis

4.3     Criterion group returns: Respondents characteristics and

          classification

4.4     Specification of Data

4.5     Empirical results and interpretation of the regression

CHAPTER FIVE:         SUMMARY, CONCLUSION

AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1     Summary of Findings

5.2     Conclusion

5.3     Recommendations

Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE

1.1     INTRODUCTION

Fundamental, poverty IS often described as the state or condition of living in which people have little or no money, assets, or means of support. Some development economists define poverty with particular reference to basic human needs which the individual must have in order to survive a family may be said to have been in poverty when it is unable to satisfy its basic needs. The basic needs concept in its restricted sense is concerned with food, clothing and shelter. Basic needs may includes clean air and water, an adequate and balanced diet, emotional and physical security and climatically appropriate clothing and shelter.  (Burkey, 1993), Greenwald and association (1965) designed, poverty as a condition in which income is sufficient to meet substance needs; this implies that level of living standard may be considerably lower than the minimum living standard. The capital household expenditure measures of poverty showed that about 71 percent of Nigerian households are poor out of which 36 percent classified moderately poor Federal Office of Statistics, 1996 (FOS).

Poverty has a lot of detrimental effect and constitutes a threat to sustainable human development empowerment of poor is the key strategy to the abolition of poverty. The reality is that poverty is not only related to the inability to fulfill basic material needs, but it is also closely connected to various other human dimensions, such as health, education, environmental long tern security and societal roles.

Consequently, power can only be understand in its entire nature. If those human dimension is taken into. account, other may give it a broader meaning, compassing but social and moral dimension. For example, some believed that, poverty emerge as a result of the disparities in the  ownership of the means of production, while, other believed, it is related to those particular attitudes, cultural norms, values and environmental factors prevailing within the society. \

Considering nature of poverty there is need to write about the major causes of poverty in Nigeria.

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

There is no doubt above the fact poverty is a global evil, it is also a cause of heartache to economists who cares so much about the future of all economic wise. In Nigeria, poverty is a phenomenon that is in the life of almost every Nigerian, due to the fact that 71 percent of Nigeria household are classified poor out of which 36 percent are classified as core poor.

A nation blessed with different natural resources both taped and facing a high level of consumption as a, ratio of Gross Domestic product (GDP) which implied under development and high prosperity to consume better. However, this tends to increase the level of corruption in the country.

Certainly, all sectors of the economy are capable of producing positive effect on poverty alleviation, if the appropriate policies and programmes are mapped out. But we are looking at a manager on development policy that has the targets potentials for alleviation for the poor who constitutes the bulk of the bloodied rural population.

1.3     AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

This study is aimed at invest of the appraisal of poverty alleviation in Nigeria. It is specific geared towards attaining the following specific objectives.

i)       To examine the impact of macroeconomic policy on poverty alleviation in Nigeria.

ii)      To examine the impact of government policy on poverty alleviation in Nigeria.

iii)     To examine the impact of non-governmental organization on poverty alleviation in Nigeria.

1.4     RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.       What has been effect of poverty on human 'welfare?

2.       What are the-effects of income distribution on economic development growth?

3)      Can government activities impact on economic growth?

4)      Used to influence unemployment rate in Nigeria?

5)      What has been the impact of monetary and fiscal polices on national economic growth and development,

1.5     STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESES

The study will be guided by the following hypothesis stated is the null and alternative forms:

1)       Ho: That there is no significant relationship between poverty alleviation and economic growth in Nigeria.

HA:      That there is significant relationship between poverty alleviation and economic growth in Nigeria.

2)       Ho: That there is no significant relationship between employment and poverty alleviation in Nigeria.

HA: That there is significant relationship between employment and poverty alleviation in Nigeria.

3)       Ho: That there is no significant relationship between macroeconomic policy and poverty alleviation In Nigeria.

HA: That there is significant relationship between macroeconomic policy and poverty alleviation In Nigeria.

.'

1.6     RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The researcher will use Econometrics analysis .to test for the relationship between dependent and independent variables which involves the use of multiple regression analysis.

The data that would be required for the study shall be sourced through secondary means. This includes the publications of the Central Bank of Nigeria, (CBN), Federal Office of Statistics (FOS), conference papers textbooks, seminars papers and new dailies.

1.7     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Looking at the alarming rate at which poverty is moving on the economy, government attention is highly desirable, Poverty is one of the feature and characteristics of the south (i.e the less developed countries). Therefore, a more pragmatic policy and measures should be embarked on in the area of technological development, resources mobilization for optional production, high rates of capital formation etc.

This study therefore seeks to draw government attention to the ever-increasing rate of poverty in the economy with a view of designing a framework for its alleviation. project topics   final year project topics and research materials 

1.8    THE SCOPE AND LIMITA1'ION OF THE STUDY

This study is designed to examine only the development project instituted by the three tiers of government in Nigeria (i.e Poverty Alleviation Programme PAP). The coverage period for the study is between 1980 to 2009.

This study is limited to the government project; perhaps, various sectors in the economy have instituted policies in alleviating poverty particularly the banking industry and the manufacturing industry. But our analysis as. earlier said shall only be restricted- to the activities of government-instituted projects.

1.9    THE DEFINITION OF TERMS ICONCEPTS

FOS =        Federal Office of Statistics

GDP =        Gross Domestic Product

PAP =         Poverty Alleviation Programme

1.10   ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

This study is divided into five chapters. One would examine the introductory part of the study. Chapter two contains the review of literature. These writers' perception in the subject matter would be aggregated.

Chapter three contains the structural framework of poverty profiles in Nigeria as well as modality for its measurement. Chapter four would examine Research Methodology, Data analysis and International of Results. Chapter five rounds up the study with summary, conclusion and policy recommendations.

.

IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC POLICY ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN NIGERIA



TYPE IN YOUR TOPIC AND CLICK SEARCH.






RESEARCHWAP.ORG

Researchwap.org is an online repository for free project topics and research materials, articles and custom writing of research works. We’re an online resource centre that provides a vast database for students to access numerous research project topics and materials. Researchwap.org guides and assist Postgraduate, Undergraduate and Final Year Students with well researched and quality project topics, topic ideas, research guides and project materials. We’re reliable and trustworthy, and we really understand what is called “time factor”, that is why we’ve simplified the process so that students can get their research projects ready on time. Our platform provides more educational services, such as hiring a writer, research analysis, and software for computer science research and we also seriously adhere to a timely delivery.

TESTIMONIES FROM OUR CLIENTS


Please feel free to carefully review some written and captured responses from our satisfied clients.

  • "Exceptionally outstanding. Highly recommend for all who wish to have effective and excellent project defence. Easily Accessable, Affordable, Effective and effective."

    Debby Henry George, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
  • "I saw this website on facebook page and I did not even bother since I was in a hurry to complete my project. But I am totally amazed that when I visited the website and saw the topic I was looking for and I decided to give a try and now I have received it within an hour after ordering the material. Am grateful guys!"

    Hilary Yusuf, United States International University Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • "Researchwap.org is a website I recommend to all student and researchers within and outside the country. The web owners are doing great job and I appreciate them for that. Once again, thank you very much "researchwap.org" and God bless you and your business! ."

    Debby Henry George, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
  • "Great User Experience, Nice flows and Superb functionalities.The app is indeed a great tech innovation for greasing the wheels of final year, research and other pedagogical related project works. A trial would definitely convince you."

    Lamilare Valentine, Kwame Nkrumah University, Kumasi, Ghana.
  • "I love what you guys are doing, your material guided me well through my research. Thank you for helping me achieve academic success."

    Sampson, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
  • "researchwap.com is God-sent! I got good grades in my seminar and project with the help of your service, thank you soooooo much."

    Cynthia, Akwa Ibom State University .
  • "Sorry, it was in my spam folder all along, I should have looked it up properly first. Please keep up the good work, your team is quite commited. Am grateful...I will certainly refer my friends too."

    Elizabeth, Obafemi Awolowo University
  • "Am happy the defense went well, thanks to your articles. I may not be able to express how grateful I am for all your assistance, but on my honour, I owe you guys a good number of referrals. Thank you once again."

    Ali Olanrewaju, Lagos State University.
  • "My Dear Researchwap, initially I never believed one can actually do honest business transactions with Nigerians online until i stumbled into your website. You have broken a new legacy of record as far as am concerned. Keep up the good work!"

    Willie Ekereobong, University of Port Harcourt.
  • "WOW, SO IT'S TRUE??!! I can't believe I got this quality work for just 3k...I thought it was scam ooo. I wouldn't mind if it goes for over 5k, its worth it. Thank you!"

    Theressa, Igbinedion University.
  • "I did not see my project topic on your website so I decided to call your customer care number, the attention I got was epic! I got help from the beginning to the end of my project in just 3 days, they even taught me how to defend my project and I got a 'B' at the end. Thank you so much researchwap.com, infact, I owe my graduating well today to you guys...."

    Joseph, Abia state Polytechnic.
  • "My friend told me about ResearchWap website, I doubted her until I saw her receive her full project in less than 15 miniutes, I tried mine too and got it same, right now, am telling everyone in my school about researchwap.com, no one has to suffer any more writing their project. Thank you for making life easy for me and my fellow students... Keep up the good work"

    Christiana, Landmark University .
  • "I wish I knew you guys when I wrote my first degree project, it took so much time and effort then. Now, with just a click of a button, I got my complete project in less than 15 minutes. You guys are too amazing!."

    Musa, Federal University of Technology Minna
  • "I was scared at first when I saw your website but I decided to risk my last 3k and surprisingly I got my complete project in my email box instantly. This is so nice!!!."

    Ali Obafemi, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Niger State.
  • To contribute to our success story, send us a feedback or please kindly call 2348037664978.
    Then your comment and contact will be published here also with your consent.

    Thank you for choosing researchwap.com.